Ortho Dictionary
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» Parts of Braces
» Orthodontic Procedures
Parts of Braces
Appliance: Anything your orthodontist attaches to your teeth that moves your teeth or changes the shape of your jaw.
Archwire: The metal wire that acts as a track to guide your teeth along as they move. It is changed periodically throughout treatment as your teeth move to their new positions.
Band: A metal ring that is cemented to your tooth, going completely around it. Bands provide a way to attach brackets to your teeth. In the old days every tooth was covered by a band nowadays only certain back molars subjected to heavy stresses require bands
Bonding: The process of gluing brackets to the teeth
Bracket: A metal or ceramic part glued ("bonded") to your tooth that holds your archwire in place.
Coil Spring: A spring that fits between your brackets and over your archwire to open space between your teeth.
Elastic (Rubber Band): A small rubber band that is hooked between different points on your appliance to provide pressure to move your teeth to their new position.
Headgear: Headgear uses an external wire apparatus known as a facebow to gently guide the growth of your face and jaw by moving your teeth into proper position. The force is applied to the facebow by a spring-loaded neck strap or head strap. The straps have a safety release that disconnects if the facebow is pulled or snagged.
Headgear Tube: A round, hollow attachment on your back bands. The inner bow of your headgear fits into it.
Hook: A welded or removable arm to which elastics are attached.
Ligature: A thin wire that holds your archwire into your bracket.
Mouthguard: A device that protects your mouth from injury when you participate in sports or rigorous activities.
O rings: The tiny rubber band that fits around your bracket to hold the archwire in place. They come in a variety of colors.
Palatal Expander: A device that makes your upper jaw wider.
Retainer: An appliance that is worn after your braces are removed, the retainer attaches to your upper and/or lower teeth to hold them in place. Some retainers are removable, while others are bonded to the tongue-side of several teeth.
Separator or Spacer: A small rubber ring that creates space between your teeth before the bands are cemented
Tie Wire: A fine wire that is twisted around your bracket to hold the archwire in place.
Wax: Wax is used to stop your braces from irritating your lips.
Orthodontic Procedures
Aligners: The clear plastic appliances that Invisalign uses to move teeth
Banding: The process of fitting and cementing orthodontic bands to your teeth.
Bonding: The process of attaching brackets to your teeth using special orthodontic adhesive.
Cephalometic X-ray: An x-ray of your head that shows the relative positions and growth of the face, jaws, and teeth.
Debanding: The process of removing cemented orthodontic bands from your teeth.
Debonding: The process of removing cemented orthodontic brackets from your teeth.
Impressions: The process of making a model of your teeth by biting into a soft material that hardens into a mold of your teeth. Your orthodontist will use these impressions to prepare your treatment plan.
Invisalign®: An alternative to traditional braces, Invisalign straightens your teeth with a series of clear custom-molded aligners. Invisalign can correct some, but not all, orthodontic problems.
Panoramic X-ray: An x-ray that rotates around your head to take pictures of your teeth, jaw, and other facial areas.
Retainers: After the teeth are straightened it is necessary to hold them in position. There are a number of different types of retainers, each with advantages and disadvantages:
- Bonded retainers: A wire is bonded (glued to the inside of teeth that are very likely to move
- Hawley retainers: The traditional retainers most people are use to. It is made from wires and colored plastic. When used to actively move teeth many people still call it a "retainer" although it is technically an "active Hawley appliance"
- Essex retainer: Looking very much like a bleaching tray or an Invisalign aligner these clear plastic retainers usually have a 12 lifespan